【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforHandlingUnboundEngineeredNanoscaleParticlesinOccupationalSettings
【原文标准名称】:职业环境中释放产生纳米级粒子的处理用标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME2535-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E56.03
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:化学工业;处理;粒子;环境;释放的
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:ThisGuideisintendedforusebyentitiesinvolvedinthehandlingofUNPinoccupationalsettings.TheGuidecovershandlingprinciplesandtechniquesthatmaybeapplied,asappropriate,tothevarietyofUNPmaterialsandhandlingsettings.Thesesettingsincluderesearchanddevelopmentactivities,materialmanufacturing,andmaterialuseandprocessing.TheGuidemayalsobeusedbyentitiesthatreceivematerialsorarticlescontainingorcomprisingnanoscaleparticlesfixeduponorwithinamatrix(i.e.,boundnanoscaleparticles),butwhoseownprocessesorusemayreasonablybeexpectedtocausesuchparticlestobecomeunbound.1.1ThisGuidedescribesactionsthatcouldbetakenbytheusertominimizehumanexposurestounbound,engineerednanoscaleparticles(UNP)inresearch,manufacturing,laboratoryandotheroccupationalsettingswhereUNPmayreasonablybeexpectedtobepresent.Itisintendedtoprovideguidanceforcontrollingsuchexposuresasacautionarymeasurewhereneitherrelevantexposurestandardsnordefinitivehazardandexposureinformationexist.1.2GeneralGuidance-ThisGuideisapplicabletooccupationalsettingswhereUNPmayreasonablybeexpectedtobepresent.Operationsacrossthosesettingswillvarywidelyintheparticularaspectsrelevanttonanoscaleparticleexposurecontrol.UNPrepresentavastvarietyofphysicalandchemicalcharacteristics(e.g.,morphology,mass,dimension,chemicalcomposition,settlingvelocities,surfacearea,surfacechemistry)andcircumstancesofuse.GiventherangeofphysicalandchemicalcharacteristicspresentedbythevariousUNP,thediversityofoccupationalsettingsandtheunevenempiricalknowledgeofandexperiencewithhandlingUNPmaterials,thepurposeofthisGuideistooffergeneralguidanceonexposureminimizationapproachesforUNPbaseduponaconsensusofviewpoints,butnottoestablishastandardpracticenortorecommendadefinitecourseofactiontofollowinallcases.1.2.1Accordingly,notallaspectsofthisGuidemayberelevantorapplicabletoallcircumstancesofUNPhandling.TheusershouldapplyreasonablejudgmentinapplyingthisGuideincludingconsiderationofthecharacteristicsoftheparticularUNPinvolved,theusersengineeringandotherexperiencewiththematerial,andtheparticularoccupationalsettingswheretheusermayapplythisGuide.UsersareencouragedtoobtaintheservicesofqualifiedprofessionalsinapplyingthisGuide.1.2.2ApplicableWhereRelevantExposureStandardsDoNotExist-ThisGuideassumesthattheuserisawareofandincompliancewithanyauthoritativeoccupationalexposurestandardapplicabletothebulkformoftheUNP.ThisGuidemaybeappropriatewheresuchexposurestandardsdonotexist,orwheresuchstandardsexist,butwerenotdevelopedwithconsiderationofthenanoscaleformofthematerial.1.3ApplicableWhereRobustRiskInformationDoesNotExist-ThisGuideassumestheabsenceofscientificallysoundriskassessmentinformationrelevanttotheparticularUNPinvolved.Wheresoundriskassessmentinformationexists,orcomestoexist,anyexposurecontrolmeasuresshouldbedesignedbasedonthatinformation,andnotpremisedonthisGuide.SuchmeasuresmaybemoreorlessstringentthanthosesuggestedbythisGuide.1.4MaterialswithinScope-ThisGuidepertainstounboundengineerednanoscaleparticlesortheirrespirableagglomeratesoraggregatesthereof.Relevantnanoscaleparticletypesinclude,forexample,intentionallyproducedfullerenes,nanotubes,nanowires,nanoropes,nanoribbons,quantumdots,nanoscalemetaloxides,andotherengineerednanoscaleparticles.Respirableparticlesarethosehavinganaerodynamicequivalentdiameter(AED)lessthanorequalto10m(10000nm)orthoseparticlessmallenoughtobecollectedwitharespirablesampler(12,34,36).......
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:71_100_01
【页数】:24P.;A4
【正文语种】: